Frank Batten Sr. — Hampton Roads Media Mogul: Difference between revisions
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BoardwalkBot (talk | contribs) Automated improvements: Article contains critical factual errors (Sinclair Broadcast Group misattribution instead of Landmark Communications), entirely omits The Weather Channel as Batten's most significant national achievement, lacks any inline citations, ends mid-sentence, and mislocates Batten's primary media operations in Virginia Beach rather than Norfolk. Research confirms Batten died at age 82 per Chicago Tribune and WJCL News — biographical framing must be updated. Multiple E-E-A-T fa... |
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Frank Batten Sr. | ```mediawiki | ||
{{Infobox person | |||
| name = Frank Batten Sr. | |||
| birth_date = February 11, 1927 | |||
| birth_place = Norfolk, Virginia, U.S. | |||
| death_date = September 10, 2009 | |||
| death_place = Norfolk, Virginia, U.S. | |||
| occupation = Media executive, businessman | |||
| known_for = Founder of Landmark Communications; co-founder of The Weather Channel | |||
}} | |||
Frank Batten Sr. (February 11, 1927 – September 10, 2009) was a Norfolk, Virginia–based media executive and the founder of Landmark Communications, the privately held media company that grew to encompass newspapers, television stations, cable properties, and The Weather Channel. Batten spent more than five decades building one of the most significant regional media enterprises in the American South, with his flagship properties concentrated in the Hampton Roads region — an area historically known as Tidewater Virginia — while eventually achieving national reach through The Weather Channel, which Landmark launched in 1982. He died on September 10, 2009, at the age of 82.<ref>["Frank Batten Sr., 82. Built media giant Landmark Communications, created The Weather Channel"], ''Chicago Tribune'', September 2009.</ref><ref>["From legendary entertainers to memorable leaders, numerous well-known figures died..."], ''WJCL News'', Facebook post referencing Batten's September 10 death.</ref> | |||
Batten's influence on the media landscape of Hampton Roads was extensive. As the principal owner of ''The Virginian-Pilot'', the dominant daily newspaper serving the Norfolk–Virginia Beach–Hampton Roads metropolitan area, he helped set the editorial and institutional tone for regional journalism across several decades. His broadcast holdings included multiple television and radio stations across Hampton Roads, giving him an unusual degree of influence over both print and electronic media in the region. Batten's leadership helped establish Hampton Roads — the consolidated metropolitan area encompassing Norfolk, Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, Portsmouth, Hampton, and Newport News, among other cities — as a meaningful center for media production in the southeastern United States. The region had long been referred to locally as Tidewater, a name that reflected its low-lying Chesapeake Bay geography, before the broader designation of Hampton Roads gained wider administrative and cultural currency during the latter half of the 20th century. | |||
== Biography == | |||
== | === Early Life and Education === | ||
Frank Batten Sr. was born on February 11, 1927, in Norfolk, Virginia. He was the nephew of Samuel L. Slover, the publisher of ''The Virginian-Pilot'' and the ''Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch'', a family connection that would prove formative for his later career. Batten attended the Hotchkiss School in Connecticut before enrolling at the University of Virginia, where he earned a bachelor's degree. He subsequently attended Harvard Business School, completing his MBA, a credential that shaped his approach to running media properties as coherent business enterprises rather than purely editorial undertakings. His formal education in business administration distinguished him from many newspaper publishers of his generation and informed the financially disciplined expansion strategy that would characterize Landmark Communications throughout his tenure. | |||
== | === Career Beginnings and Landmark Communications === | ||
Batten joined the family newspaper operations in Norfolk in the early 1950s, working under his uncle's guidance before assuming leadership of the properties. In 1954, at the age of 27, he became the publisher of ''The Virginian-Pilot'' and the ''Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch'', taking the helm of what were then the dominant news organizations in southeastern Virginia. Over the following decade, he consolidated these operations and expanded into broadcasting, acquiring radio and television stations across Hampton Roads. The company that would eventually be named Landmark Communications grew from these initial Norfolk-based newspaper and broadcast holdings. | |||
Landmark Communications was formally structured as a privately held media company, a deliberate choice by Batten that allowed the enterprise to pursue long-term investment strategies without the quarterly earnings pressures faced by publicly traded media corporations. Under his leadership, Landmark expanded its footprint beyond Hampton Roads, acquiring newspapers in other markets and building a cable television operation. The company's holdings at their peak included dozens of newspapers, several television stations, and cable systems serving hundreds of thousands of subscribers. Norfolk, not Virginia Beach, served as the operational and corporate center of Landmark's activities throughout Batten's tenure, reflecting the economic and institutional weight that Norfolk carried in the region during the mid-to-late 20th century. | |||
Hampton Roads during Batten's formative years as an executive was a region marked by significant economic stratification across its constituent cities. Norfolk, while home to major institutions including the world's largest naval station, carried substantially higher poverty rates and lower median household incomes than neighboring Virginia Beach, which developed as a more affluent suburban and resort community to the east. This geographic and economic diversity shaped the audience and the editorial considerations of Landmark's Hampton Roads properties, which had to serve a metropolitan readership that ranged from military families and working-class shipyard communities in Portsmouth and Norfolk to the more prosperous residential developments of Virginia Beach and the rural communities of the surrounding counties. | |||
{{#seo: |title=Frank Batten Sr. — Hampton Roads Media Mogul — History, Facts & Guide | Virginia Beach.Wiki |description=Frank Batten Sr. was | === The Weather Channel === | ||
[[Category:Virginia Beach landmarks]] | |||
Frank Batten Sr.'s most consequential national achievement was the creation of The Weather Channel, which launched on May 2, 1982, as the first cable television network devoted entirely to weather information. The concept emerged from Landmark Communications' cable operations, and Batten championed the project despite widespread skepticism in the media and cable industries, many of whose executives questioned whether viewers would watch a channel focused solely on meteorology. Batten committed Landmark's capital to the venture at a time when cable television itself was still establishing its commercial viability, and the network lost money in its early years before finding its audience.<ref>["Frank Batten Sr., 82. Built media giant Landmark Communications, created The Weather Channel"], ''Chicago Tribune'', September 2009.</ref> | |||
The Weather Channel became one of the most-watched cable networks in the United States, eventually reaching tens of millions of households. Its success transformed Landmark Communications from a strong regional media company into an enterprise of genuine national significance. Batten remained closely associated with The Weather Channel throughout his career, and the network's founding is consistently cited as his most enduring legacy. In 2008, Landmark Communications sold The Weather Channel to a consortium that included NBC Universal, Bain Capital, and Blackstone Group for approximately $3.5 billion, a transaction that underscored the extraordinary value Batten had created from what had initially appeared to be an improbable media experiment. | |||
=== Later Career and Death === | |||
Batten remained active in the oversight of Landmark Communications into his later years, though he transitioned leadership responsibilities to the next generation of management over time. He continued to be involved in civic and philanthropic initiatives in Hampton Roads throughout this period. Frank Batten Sr. died on September 10, 2009, in Norfolk, Virginia, at the age of 82.<ref>["From legendary entertainers to memorable leaders, numerous well-known figures died..."], ''WJCL News'', Facebook post referencing Batten's September 10 death.</ref><ref>["Frank Batten Sr., 82. Built media giant Landmark Communications, created The Weather Channel"], ''Chicago Tribune'', September 2009.</ref> His death was widely reported in national media, with coverage emphasizing his dual legacy as the builder of a major regional media company and the founder of The Weather Channel. | |||
== History == | |||
Frank Batten Sr.'s career in media unfolded during a transformative period in American journalism, spanning the postwar consolidation of print media, the rise of television as the dominant news medium, and the emergence of cable as a challenger to broadcast. His early experiences managing ''The Virginian-Pilot'' and ''Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch'' in the 1950s provided him with a grounding in the economics and editorial responsibilities of daily newspaper publishing at a time when regional newspapers still functioned as the primary source of local information for most American communities. Norfolk in the 1950s and 1960s was a city shaped heavily by its military presence — Naval Station Norfolk, the world's largest naval installation, anchored the local economy and drove substantial population growth in the surrounding metropolitan area — and Batten's newspapers served this readership alongside the broader civilian population of southeastern Virginia. | |||
As television grew in importance during the 1960s and 1970s, Batten moved to expand Landmark's broadcast holdings, acquiring television stations in Hampton Roads and other markets. These acquisitions reflected his understanding that media consumers were shifting their primary news habits toward television, and that a media company focused exclusively on print would gradually cede influence to broadcasters. His television stations in Hampton Roads contributed to the region's developing identity as a market sophisticated enough to support competing broadcast outlets alongside its established newspapers. The call signs and operational details of specific Landmark-affiliated stations in the Hampton Roads market formed part of the broader broadcast history of the region during this period. | |||
Batten's leadership during the 1970s and 1980s coincided with significant growth and demographic change in Hampton Roads. Virginia Beach, incorporated as an independent city following its merger with Princess Anne County in 1963, expanded rapidly as a suburban and resort destination, eventually becoming the most populous city in Virginia. This population growth enlarged the audience for all of Landmark's Hampton Roads properties and reinforced the commercial logic of maintaining a strong regional media presence. The geographic division of the metropolitan area between its Southside cities — Norfolk, Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, Portsmouth, and Suffolk — and the Virginia Peninsula cities of Hampton, Newport News, and their neighbors meant that serving Hampton Roads comprehensively required attention to communities with distinct economic and demographic profiles. | |||
== Economy == | |||
The media industry anchored by Frank Batten Sr.'s Landmark Communications contributed meaningfully to the economic fabric of Hampton Roads during the second half of the 20th century. Landmark's newspaper and broadcast properties were among the region's significant private employers in the media sector, providing careers for journalists, editors, photographers, advertising sales staff, production technicians, and administrative personnel across multiple decades. ''The Virginian-Pilot'', as the dominant regional daily, supported a newsroom of substantial size relative to most American markets of comparable population, and its advertising revenues both reflected and reinforced the commercial activity of the Hampton Roads economy. | |||
Beyond direct employment, the presence of major media institutions has historically supported adjacent industries in a regional economy, including advertising agencies, public relations firms, printing operations, and broadcast equipment suppliers. Hampton Roads, with its mix of military installations, port commerce, retail development, and a growing tourism economy centered on Virginia Beach's oceanfront, generated substantial advertising demand that flowed in significant part through Landmark's properties. The economic disparities across the metropolitan area — Virginia Beach's relatively high median household incomes contrasted with the more economically stressed conditions in Norfolk and Portsmouth, where poverty rates ran substantially higher — were reflected in the advertising markets and circulation demographics that Landmark's properties navigated throughout Batten's tenure. | |||
The eventual sale of The Weather Channel in 2008 for approximately $3.5 billion represented the most significant financial event associated with Batten's media enterprise, and while the transaction primarily benefited Landmark Communications' ownership rather than the Hampton Roads economy directly, it demonstrated the national scale of value that had been created from a company with regional roots. Batten's philanthropic activities, supported in part by the wealth generated through Landmark, directed resources back into Hampton Roads institutions, including educational and civic organizations in the Norfolk area. | |||
== Notable Residents and Civic Role == | |||
Frank Batten Sr. was a prominent civic figure in Norfolk and Hampton Roads throughout his career, engaging with local institutions in ways that extended well beyond his role as a media executive. He was involved with educational and philanthropic organizations in the region, and he contributed financial support to institutions serving the Hampton Roads community. His civic presence reflected a tradition, common among major regional newspaper publishers, of treating the editorial and institutional leadership of a newspaper as inseparable from a broader responsibility to the health of the community the paper served. | |||
Batten's professional network brought him into sustained contact with business, political, and civic leaders across Hampton Roads and Virginia more broadly. The influence of a regional newspaper publisher in mid-to-late 20th century America extended beyond the editorial page; publishers occupied a social position that gave them access to and influence over the institutions shaping their communities. Batten occupied this role in Hampton Roads over a career spanning more than five decades, a tenure that made him one of the most consistently influential private citizens in the region's modern history. His legacy among journalists and broadcasters who worked within the Landmark system during his tenure reflects both the professional standards he promoted and the institutional culture he built across his properties. | |||
== Education == | |||
Frank Batten Sr.'s commitment to education was grounded in his own academic formation — his undergraduate work at the University of Virginia and his MBA from Harvard Business School — and expressed throughout his career through support for journalism education and broader educational initiatives in Hampton Roads. He understood that the quality of regional journalism depended in part on the quality of the educational pipeline producing journalists, and he supported programs and institutions that developed professional talent in the media field. | |||
Batten's philanthropic giving in the education sector extended to significant contributions to institutions in Virginia. His support for educational organizations in Hampton Roads reflected his belief that the long-term vitality of a region was inseparable from the quality of its educational institutions. Several programs and facilities in Virginia have been named in recognition of his contributions, honoring a legacy that combined professional achievement with sustained investment in educational opportunity. His approach to journalism education — emphasizing the practical and ethical dimensions of reporting alongside the business realities of operating a media organization — shaped the professional culture of Landmark Communications and influenced the careers of many journalists who passed through its properties during his tenure. | |||
{{#seo: | |||
|title=Frank Batten Sr. — Hampton Roads Media Mogul — History, Facts & Guide | Virginia Beach.Wiki | |||
|description=Frank Batten Sr. was the founder of Landmark Communications and co-founder of The Weather Channel, shaping the Hampton Roads region's broadcasting and print journalism industries across more than five decades. | |||
|type=Article | |||
}} | |||
[[Category:Virginia Beach landmarks]] | |||
[[Category:Virginia Beach history]] | [[Category:Virginia Beach history]] | ||
[[Category:Norfolk, Virginia]] | |||
[[Category:Landmark Communications]] | |||
[[Category:American media executives]] | |||
[[Category:The Weather Channel]] | |||
[[Category:1927 births]] | |||
[[Category:2009 deaths]] | |||
``` | |||
Revision as of 03:34, 8 April 2026
```mediawiki Template:Infobox person
Frank Batten Sr. (February 11, 1927 – September 10, 2009) was a Norfolk, Virginia–based media executive and the founder of Landmark Communications, the privately held media company that grew to encompass newspapers, television stations, cable properties, and The Weather Channel. Batten spent more than five decades building one of the most significant regional media enterprises in the American South, with his flagship properties concentrated in the Hampton Roads region — an area historically known as Tidewater Virginia — while eventually achieving national reach through The Weather Channel, which Landmark launched in 1982. He died on September 10, 2009, at the age of 82.[1][2]
Batten's influence on the media landscape of Hampton Roads was extensive. As the principal owner of The Virginian-Pilot, the dominant daily newspaper serving the Norfolk–Virginia Beach–Hampton Roads metropolitan area, he helped set the editorial and institutional tone for regional journalism across several decades. His broadcast holdings included multiple television and radio stations across Hampton Roads, giving him an unusual degree of influence over both print and electronic media in the region. Batten's leadership helped establish Hampton Roads — the consolidated metropolitan area encompassing Norfolk, Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, Portsmouth, Hampton, and Newport News, among other cities — as a meaningful center for media production in the southeastern United States. The region had long been referred to locally as Tidewater, a name that reflected its low-lying Chesapeake Bay geography, before the broader designation of Hampton Roads gained wider administrative and cultural currency during the latter half of the 20th century.
Biography
Early Life and Education
Frank Batten Sr. was born on February 11, 1927, in Norfolk, Virginia. He was the nephew of Samuel L. Slover, the publisher of The Virginian-Pilot and the Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch, a family connection that would prove formative for his later career. Batten attended the Hotchkiss School in Connecticut before enrolling at the University of Virginia, where he earned a bachelor's degree. He subsequently attended Harvard Business School, completing his MBA, a credential that shaped his approach to running media properties as coherent business enterprises rather than purely editorial undertakings. His formal education in business administration distinguished him from many newspaper publishers of his generation and informed the financially disciplined expansion strategy that would characterize Landmark Communications throughout his tenure.
Career Beginnings and Landmark Communications
Batten joined the family newspaper operations in Norfolk in the early 1950s, working under his uncle's guidance before assuming leadership of the properties. In 1954, at the age of 27, he became the publisher of The Virginian-Pilot and the Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch, taking the helm of what were then the dominant news organizations in southeastern Virginia. Over the following decade, he consolidated these operations and expanded into broadcasting, acquiring radio and television stations across Hampton Roads. The company that would eventually be named Landmark Communications grew from these initial Norfolk-based newspaper and broadcast holdings.
Landmark Communications was formally structured as a privately held media company, a deliberate choice by Batten that allowed the enterprise to pursue long-term investment strategies without the quarterly earnings pressures faced by publicly traded media corporations. Under his leadership, Landmark expanded its footprint beyond Hampton Roads, acquiring newspapers in other markets and building a cable television operation. The company's holdings at their peak included dozens of newspapers, several television stations, and cable systems serving hundreds of thousands of subscribers. Norfolk, not Virginia Beach, served as the operational and corporate center of Landmark's activities throughout Batten's tenure, reflecting the economic and institutional weight that Norfolk carried in the region during the mid-to-late 20th century.
Hampton Roads during Batten's formative years as an executive was a region marked by significant economic stratification across its constituent cities. Norfolk, while home to major institutions including the world's largest naval station, carried substantially higher poverty rates and lower median household incomes than neighboring Virginia Beach, which developed as a more affluent suburban and resort community to the east. This geographic and economic diversity shaped the audience and the editorial considerations of Landmark's Hampton Roads properties, which had to serve a metropolitan readership that ranged from military families and working-class shipyard communities in Portsmouth and Norfolk to the more prosperous residential developments of Virginia Beach and the rural communities of the surrounding counties.
The Weather Channel
Frank Batten Sr.'s most consequential national achievement was the creation of The Weather Channel, which launched on May 2, 1982, as the first cable television network devoted entirely to weather information. The concept emerged from Landmark Communications' cable operations, and Batten championed the project despite widespread skepticism in the media and cable industries, many of whose executives questioned whether viewers would watch a channel focused solely on meteorology. Batten committed Landmark's capital to the venture at a time when cable television itself was still establishing its commercial viability, and the network lost money in its early years before finding its audience.[3]
The Weather Channel became one of the most-watched cable networks in the United States, eventually reaching tens of millions of households. Its success transformed Landmark Communications from a strong regional media company into an enterprise of genuine national significance. Batten remained closely associated with The Weather Channel throughout his career, and the network's founding is consistently cited as his most enduring legacy. In 2008, Landmark Communications sold The Weather Channel to a consortium that included NBC Universal, Bain Capital, and Blackstone Group for approximately $3.5 billion, a transaction that underscored the extraordinary value Batten had created from what had initially appeared to be an improbable media experiment.
Later Career and Death
Batten remained active in the oversight of Landmark Communications into his later years, though he transitioned leadership responsibilities to the next generation of management over time. He continued to be involved in civic and philanthropic initiatives in Hampton Roads throughout this period. Frank Batten Sr. died on September 10, 2009, in Norfolk, Virginia, at the age of 82.[4][5] His death was widely reported in national media, with coverage emphasizing his dual legacy as the builder of a major regional media company and the founder of The Weather Channel.
History
Frank Batten Sr.'s career in media unfolded during a transformative period in American journalism, spanning the postwar consolidation of print media, the rise of television as the dominant news medium, and the emergence of cable as a challenger to broadcast. His early experiences managing The Virginian-Pilot and Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch in the 1950s provided him with a grounding in the economics and editorial responsibilities of daily newspaper publishing at a time when regional newspapers still functioned as the primary source of local information for most American communities. Norfolk in the 1950s and 1960s was a city shaped heavily by its military presence — Naval Station Norfolk, the world's largest naval installation, anchored the local economy and drove substantial population growth in the surrounding metropolitan area — and Batten's newspapers served this readership alongside the broader civilian population of southeastern Virginia.
As television grew in importance during the 1960s and 1970s, Batten moved to expand Landmark's broadcast holdings, acquiring television stations in Hampton Roads and other markets. These acquisitions reflected his understanding that media consumers were shifting their primary news habits toward television, and that a media company focused exclusively on print would gradually cede influence to broadcasters. His television stations in Hampton Roads contributed to the region's developing identity as a market sophisticated enough to support competing broadcast outlets alongside its established newspapers. The call signs and operational details of specific Landmark-affiliated stations in the Hampton Roads market formed part of the broader broadcast history of the region during this period.
Batten's leadership during the 1970s and 1980s coincided with significant growth and demographic change in Hampton Roads. Virginia Beach, incorporated as an independent city following its merger with Princess Anne County in 1963, expanded rapidly as a suburban and resort destination, eventually becoming the most populous city in Virginia. This population growth enlarged the audience for all of Landmark's Hampton Roads properties and reinforced the commercial logic of maintaining a strong regional media presence. The geographic division of the metropolitan area between its Southside cities — Norfolk, Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, Portsmouth, and Suffolk — and the Virginia Peninsula cities of Hampton, Newport News, and their neighbors meant that serving Hampton Roads comprehensively required attention to communities with distinct economic and demographic profiles.
Economy
The media industry anchored by Frank Batten Sr.'s Landmark Communications contributed meaningfully to the economic fabric of Hampton Roads during the second half of the 20th century. Landmark's newspaper and broadcast properties were among the region's significant private employers in the media sector, providing careers for journalists, editors, photographers, advertising sales staff, production technicians, and administrative personnel across multiple decades. The Virginian-Pilot, as the dominant regional daily, supported a newsroom of substantial size relative to most American markets of comparable population, and its advertising revenues both reflected and reinforced the commercial activity of the Hampton Roads economy.
Beyond direct employment, the presence of major media institutions has historically supported adjacent industries in a regional economy, including advertising agencies, public relations firms, printing operations, and broadcast equipment suppliers. Hampton Roads, with its mix of military installations, port commerce, retail development, and a growing tourism economy centered on Virginia Beach's oceanfront, generated substantial advertising demand that flowed in significant part through Landmark's properties. The economic disparities across the metropolitan area — Virginia Beach's relatively high median household incomes contrasted with the more economically stressed conditions in Norfolk and Portsmouth, where poverty rates ran substantially higher — were reflected in the advertising markets and circulation demographics that Landmark's properties navigated throughout Batten's tenure.
The eventual sale of The Weather Channel in 2008 for approximately $3.5 billion represented the most significant financial event associated with Batten's media enterprise, and while the transaction primarily benefited Landmark Communications' ownership rather than the Hampton Roads economy directly, it demonstrated the national scale of value that had been created from a company with regional roots. Batten's philanthropic activities, supported in part by the wealth generated through Landmark, directed resources back into Hampton Roads institutions, including educational and civic organizations in the Norfolk area.
Notable Residents and Civic Role
Frank Batten Sr. was a prominent civic figure in Norfolk and Hampton Roads throughout his career, engaging with local institutions in ways that extended well beyond his role as a media executive. He was involved with educational and philanthropic organizations in the region, and he contributed financial support to institutions serving the Hampton Roads community. His civic presence reflected a tradition, common among major regional newspaper publishers, of treating the editorial and institutional leadership of a newspaper as inseparable from a broader responsibility to the health of the community the paper served.
Batten's professional network brought him into sustained contact with business, political, and civic leaders across Hampton Roads and Virginia more broadly. The influence of a regional newspaper publisher in mid-to-late 20th century America extended beyond the editorial page; publishers occupied a social position that gave them access to and influence over the institutions shaping their communities. Batten occupied this role in Hampton Roads over a career spanning more than five decades, a tenure that made him one of the most consistently influential private citizens in the region's modern history. His legacy among journalists and broadcasters who worked within the Landmark system during his tenure reflects both the professional standards he promoted and the institutional culture he built across his properties.
Education
Frank Batten Sr.'s commitment to education was grounded in his own academic formation — his undergraduate work at the University of Virginia and his MBA from Harvard Business School — and expressed throughout his career through support for journalism education and broader educational initiatives in Hampton Roads. He understood that the quality of regional journalism depended in part on the quality of the educational pipeline producing journalists, and he supported programs and institutions that developed professional talent in the media field.
Batten's philanthropic giving in the education sector extended to significant contributions to institutions in Virginia. His support for educational organizations in Hampton Roads reflected his belief that the long-term vitality of a region was inseparable from the quality of its educational institutions. Several programs and facilities in Virginia have been named in recognition of his contributions, honoring a legacy that combined professional achievement with sustained investment in educational opportunity. His approach to journalism education — emphasizing the practical and ethical dimensions of reporting alongside the business realities of operating a media organization — shaped the professional culture of Landmark Communications and influenced the careers of many journalists who passed through its properties during his tenure. ```
- ↑ ["Frank Batten Sr., 82. Built media giant Landmark Communications, created The Weather Channel"], Chicago Tribune, September 2009.
- ↑ ["From legendary entertainers to memorable leaders, numerous well-known figures died..."], WJCL News, Facebook post referencing Batten's September 10 death.
- ↑ ["Frank Batten Sr., 82. Built media giant Landmark Communications, created The Weather Channel"], Chicago Tribune, September 2009.
- ↑ ["From legendary entertainers to memorable leaders, numerous well-known figures died..."], WJCL News, Facebook post referencing Batten's September 10 death.
- ↑ ["Frank Batten Sr., 82. Built media giant Landmark Communications, created The Weather Channel"], Chicago Tribune, September 2009.